Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje urugendo rwarwo rwo kuba igihugu cyinjiza hagati mu 2035, Ubufatanye bwa Leta n'abikorera mu Rwanda byagaragaye nk'ifatizo ry'iterambere ry'igihugu. Kuva mu mishinga minini y’ingufu kugeza ibikorwa remezo bigezweho byo gutwara abantu, ubufatanye hagati y’icyerekezo cya leta n’imikorere y’abikorera butera iterambere ritigeze ribaho. Ariko, kugendana nuburyo bugoye bwubukungu nubukungu byubucuruzi bwamasezerano ntibisaba ibirenze igishoro-bisaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse imiterere yubuyobozi.
Muri iyi mbonerahamwe yuzuye, turasesengura inkingi zingenzi z’urwego rw’u Rwanda PPP, uruhare rw’ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’u Rwanda (RDB), n’uburyo abashoramari bashobora kugabanya ingaruka kugira ngo umushinga w'igihe kirekire ube banki.
Urufatiro rw'amategeko: Gusobanukirwa amategeko No 14/2016
Igikoresho cyibanze kigenga ubwo bufatanye ni Itegeko No 14/2016 ryo kuwa 02/05/2016, itanga uburyo buboneye kandi bukomeye kuri Imishinga y'ingenzi ya Leta y'ishoramari. Iri tegeko ryashyizweho kugira ngo abashoramari bagirire ikizere mu gusobanura neza uburenganzira n'inshingano by’ubuyobozi bugirana amasezerano n’umufatanyabikorwa wigenga.
Ingingo z'ingenzi za PPP Amategeko
1.Ingano n'ibisabwa: Iri tegeko rikubiyemo ibice byinshi, birimo ingufu, ubwikorezi, ibikorwa remezo, na ICT.
2.Uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko: Irerekana uburyo bwo gupiganira amasoko mugihe kandi yemerera ibyifuzo bitasabwe mubihe byihariye, byateganijwe neza.
3.Ibyangombwa by'amasezerano: Buri PPP amasezerano agomba kwerekana igihe, uburyo bwo kugabana ibyago, nibipimo ngenderwaho kugirango habeho kubazwa.
Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye ku nyandiko ishinga amategeko, urashobora kubona byuzuye Amategeko agenga ubufatanye bwa Leta n'abikorera biciye mu kigo cyemewe n'amategeko mu Rwanda.
Uruhare rw'Inama ishinzwe iterambere ry'u Rwanda (RDB)
Uwiteka Ikigo gishinzwe iterambere mu Rwanda (RDB) ikora nk'ihuriro rikuru ry'ishoramari rikomeye mu gihugu. Muburyo bugezweho, RDB ikora nk'umushyitsi mukuru kumasezerano ya PPP, yemeza ko imishinga ihuza na Icyerekezo 2050 na Ingamba z'igihugu zo guhindura ibintu (NST1).
Ibiganiro byingamba nubuyobozi
Abashoramari bagomba kubahiriza Uwiteka PPP Amabwiriza yatanzwe na RDB (yo ku ya 16 Nyakanga 2018), itanga igitabo ku ntambwe ku yindi yo kumenya imishinga, ubushakashatsi bushoboka, no kuyishyira mu bikorwa bwa nyuma. Kuyobora aya mabwiriza akenshi bisaba ubuhanga Ubujyanama bw'ingamba n'imicungire kwemeza ko ibyifuzo bya tekiniki byujuje ubuziranenge bwashyizweho na guverinoma.
Ubwubatsi bw'amafaranga no kugabanya ingaruka
Intsinzi Ubufatanye bwa Leta n'abikorera mu Rwanda hinge kuri “banki.” Abatanga inguzanyo hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa bakeneye ubwishingizi ko imiterere yimari yumushinga ishobora kwihanganira ihindagurika ryisoko no guhindura imikorere.
1. Uburyo bwo Kugabana Ingaruka
Kimwe mu bintu bikomeye cyane kuri buri PPP ni ugutanga ibyago. Urwego rw’u Rwanda rushimangira ko ibyago bigomba kwishyurwa n’ishyaka rifite ibikoresho byiza byo kubikemura. Kurugero, ingaruka zubwubatsi zisanzwe zicungwa nabafatanyabikorwa bigenga, mugihe ingaruka za politiki n’amabwiriza zishobora kugabanywa binyuze mu ngwate za leta cyangwa Serivisi z'imari ubujyanama.
2. Imari yumushinga n’imari ivanze
Hamwe no kuzamuka kwishoramari rirambye, abanyarwanda benshi PPPs ubu barimo gukoresha imiterere yimari ivanze. Ibi bikubiyemo guhuza imari yubucuruzi ninkunga yatanzwe ninzego zimari yiterambere (DFIs). Kugenzura niba umushinga wawe wujuje ibyangombwa nkibyo bisaba imbaraga Imiyoborere myiza y'ibigo imiterere yubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga ESG (Ibidukikije, Imibereho, n’imiyoborere).
Gukemura amakimbirane muri PPPs
Urebye imiterere yigihe kirekire yibikorwa remezo, amakimbirane rimwe na rimwe byanze bikunze. PPP Amategeko ateganya uburyo butandukanye bwo gukemura amakimbirane nta guhagarika iterambere ryumushinga.
Amasezerano menshi ashyira imbere Ubundi buryo bwo gukemura amakimbirane (ADR), harimo abunzi n'ubukemurampaka mpuzamahanga. Gukoresha umuhuza wemewe cyangwa ikigo cyamategeko gifite ubuhanga bwimbitse mu Rwanda ADR birashobora gukiza imyaka yimanza no kurinda izina ryumushinga.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa PPPs bwemewe mu Rwanda?
Amategeko yemerera gahunda zitandukanye, zirimo Amasezerano yubuyobozi, Ubukode, Kubaka-Gukora-Kwimura (BOT), hamwe n’inyungu.
Isosiyete yigenga irashobora gutanga icyifuzo kitagusabye PPP?
Nibyo, ariko ibyifuzo bitasabwe bigomba gukorerwa isuzumabumenyi rikomeye hamwe n "" Ikibazo cyu Busuwisi "cyangwa inzira yo guhatanira kwemeza agaciro ka leta.
Amasezerano ya PPP ubusanzwe amara igihe kingana iki mu Rwanda?
Ikiringo giterwa n'imiterere yumushinga nigihe gikenewe kugirango umufatanyabikorwa agarure igishoro cyabo, ariko bisobanuwe neza mumasezerano yasinywe PPP.
Ni uruhe ruhare rwa RDB muri PPPs?
RDB ikora nk'umushyitsi mukuru, umuhuzabikorwa, hamwe nuyobora hagati yumushoramari wigenga na minisiteri ya leta cyangwa ikigo bireba.
Umwanzuro
Ubufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera mu Rwanda butanga ubutaka burumbuka ku bashoramari bashaka kugira uruhare muri bumwe mu bukungu bwa Afurika bwihuta cyane. Mugukoresha uburyo bwo kurengera amategeko No 14/2016 no guhuza nintego za RDB, abafatanyabikorwa barashobora kubaka imishinga ihamye, yunguka, kandi ikomeye.
Nyamara, inzira yo gufunga neza yashyizweho nuburyo bugenzurwa. Waba urimo gutegura umushinga mushya cyangwa uyobora imishyikirano igoye, impuguke mu by'amategeko n’ingamba ni ngombwa.
Witeguye gutangiza ishoramari ryawe mu Rwanda? Teganya inama kubuntu hamwe na WAYAN Law Firm uyumunsi kugirango tumenye uburyo itsinda ryacu ryinzobere rishobora guha imbaraga intsinzi yawe binyuze mubisubizo byemewe n'amategeko nubukungu.
